What wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation possess sufficient energy to be able to kill microorganisms?

Answer 1

The type of radiation that causes radiation sickness is officially called 'ionising radiation', which means that it consists of particles that carry enough energy to knock electrons out of ordinary atoms, making them electrically charged or ionised.

There is also harmless radiation such as normal heat and radio waves, that is non-ionising radiation, and those are harmful only in their heating effect if they are too intense.

Answer 2

Gamma rays are used to sterilize food.

(Facilities that use this technique usually have a Cobalt 60 source.)

Answer 3

Ultraviolet rays

Answer 4

microwaves.