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Artists didn't need to use perspective or create the illusion of depth.
Durer
Artists did not yet know how to use perspective and so the art appears flat.
Aerial perspective.
Depth.
They used perspective.
aerial perspective
After Brunelleschi (not Raphael) discovered how to use perspective in drawing most artists endeavoured tu use this for making more realistic pictures.
one point perspective started in the 15th century.
Perspective drawing.
Perspective using the same width in the distance as In the foreground
Renaissance artists used value and perspective to make their paintings look more realistic and dynamic and life like