Restoration
Prior to Israel (Judea) returning to its earlier state of being a sovereign nation it was ruled by Persia, after the destruction of Solomon's Temple. This time of rule was called the Persian period.
The Persians never did rule Israel, which was destroyed for all time in 722 BCE. However the Persians did rule Samaria, the successor state to Israel. At the same time, and more importantly for modern religions, they also ruled the southern Hebrew state of Judah. This was called the Persian Period (538-323 BCE approximately).
Israel was part of the Persian Empire but was not required to field troops with the Persian forces as they did not meet the standards of the army or navy.
No. Israel borders the Gulf of Aqabah and the Mediterranean Sea.
no
Their forces were defeated, they were split politically, and had Persian rule over them confirmed.
A monarchy.
Mughal Narbar did rule the Persian empire in the 1500s.
Yes and No. Israel is smaller than 152 of the world's other countries, but it does not border the Persian Gulf.
The Greek city-states in Asia Minor revolted against Persian rule.
Succession.
The Persian Empire.
Which Persian War? There were ancient Persian Wars (Persia doesn't exist anymore by the way), Iran used to be called Persia. Which Persian War concerns your question.
Through Persian provincial governors supervising local governments.