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Austria
Both Germany and Italy were divided into many independent Reigns, Duchies, Principality etc. The greatest obstacle to their unification was given by the influence of the Austrian Empire, whose main interest was that of maintain unaltered those "mosaics" in order to better control both countries.
One obstacle to German unification was that Austria did not want a powerful neighbor. Religion was another obstacle, as well as individuals not wanting to lose their power.
great brittain
great brittain
Unification of Germany happened in 1866.
austria
The unification of ItalyThe Franco-Prussian WarThe unification of Germany
James Madison's greatest obstacle was funtimeamerica
The unification of Germany Rebellions in Austria The unification of Italy Rebellions in Austria
Chancellor Helmet Kohl led the unification of Germany in 1990.
The unification of ItalyThe Franco-Prussian WarThe unification of Germany