Equilibrium occurs when the first derivative is zero.
well to my calculations the equilibrium occurs when the gas and the dust form a giant triangle and blow up into a super nova
The pattern described by the theory of punctuated equilibrium is that bursts of evolutionary activity are followed by long periods of stability.
They are in thermal equilibrium, not rotational equilibrium.
By definition a catalyst cannot affect equilibrium because although a catalyst can speed up a chemical reaction, it cannot change the thermodynamics of it, and equilibrium is determined solely by thermodynamics. A catalyst may help a system reach equilibrium more quickly, but it will not change it. One possible way a catalyst could affect equilibrium is by introducing a catalyst that affects a different reaction involving the substrate or products of the original reaction, but this would be cheating since the system would no longer be closed.
Vibrations are oscillations that occur about an equilibrium point. The "period" is the time it takes for one full vibration of a particle in a medium.
mating must happen randomly
When demand equals supply.
middle
Punctuated equilibrium
Yes
Mutation cannot occur
No disruptive circumstances must be present in random mating in a population for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium to occur. Mating must happen randomly. No allele can give an advantage
4 H -> He
Mutation cannot occur
well to my calculations the equilibrium occurs when the gas and the dust form a giant triangle and blow up into a super nova
If you are referring to paths in a chemical reaction, that is called the "chemical equilibrium".
No allele can give an advantage