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There is much about sleep and dreaming that scientists do not yet understand. Observations of Rapid Eye Movement (for which REM sleep is named) in young children led to the technical study of sleep with the use of brain scans and detailed reporting of dreams by subjects in sleep labs. We know that different areas of the brain activate in different sleep stages: the pons, at the base of the brain, sends out signals when sleep begins. The pons also triggers mild paralysis of some voluntary muscles, specifically of the arms and legs, by shutting down the release of certain neurotransmitters. Other voluntary muscles are not affected; besides the eyes, facial expressions and muscles associated with speech remain active, as easily observed when subjects talk in their sleep. [See "Dreaming and REM Sleep" on the NIH page linked below.] Different theories about the purpose of the Rapid Eye Movements range from simple gazing at dream imagery to complex stimulation and warming of neural circuitry of the brain. [See Wikipedia link below.]

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Q: When dreaming why are all the other muscles paralyzed and not the eyes?
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