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Agriculture and animal domestication are rudimentary examples of biotechnology. This first occurred near the Indus River Valley around 10,000 years ago. There may have been other areas around the world where agriculture was first practiced about this time as well.
The reason was to create a reliable source of food. A more recent example was the Mayan improvements to zea maize (corn), some time around a thousand years ago.
In more modern times we have expanded our biotechnology capabilities, tinkering with the genome of life. Much of that has to do with improving crops. Frost resistant strawberries, tomatoes with a longer shelf life, golden rice for preventing blindness, drought tolerant crops, cattle immune to mad cow disease, Bt corn and soy beans with their own built in pest resistance, and so on.
Some of the biotechnology we have developed will help cure disease.
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