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Several devices like it already existed, though theywere often not as efficient as the guillotine. Louis XVI banned the use of the Breaking wheel, which was first the method to publicly kill criminals, but this was considered too cruel (...). Monsieur Joseph-Ignace Guillotin (a member of the National Assembly) and some others of the Assembly started thinking of a way to put together the ideal killing machine that inflicted as less pain as possible. They were inspired by the Scottish Maiden, and the Halifax Gibbet. While these prior instruments usually crushed the neck or used blunt force to take off a head, their device used a crescent blade and a lunette (a hinged two part yoke to immobilize the victim's neck). Ironically, it was Louis XVI himself who suggested the blade on the guillotine to be a triangular blade with a beveled edge be used instead of a crescent blade, so it would be more humane (otherwise, the blade would have to fall several times on the victim before killing him). Louis XVI got beheaded by the guillotine on January 21st, 1793.

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