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Carbon may be an insulator or it may be a conductor. It depends on which allotrope of carbon we are investigating. Graphite is a conductor, but diamond is an insulator. In either case, the manner in which electrons are bound in the structure determines whether any of them are free to contribute to current flow. In graphite, we find electrons in the conduction band, and it will conduct electric current. In diamond, the electrons are not in the conduction band, and are not available to support current flow.

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