The annual orbit of Earth around the sun is known as a year.
Orbit: as in the Earth orbits round the Sun.
Yes, Jupiter is about 5 times as far from the Sun.
Climate
No, it is not. It is tilted in comparison to the Earth's orbit around the Sun. This is why we have different times of seasons in the northern and southern hemisphere.
If the Sun were larger than Earth's orbit, we'd be inside it. Are we inside it? There you go.
Yes. The sun will eventually become a red giant whose diameter will be larger than the Earths' orbit.
Moon and earth distance
yes
No. They orbit Earth; and the reason they orbit is because of gravity.
Neptune is the outermost planet, and is farthest from Earth's orbit.
The annual orbit of Earth around the sun is known as a year.
The Earth's orbit is almost circular. Technically, the "eccentricity" of the orbit is about 0.0167.
Something that goes around the Earth
earths tempertures
No. The moon's orbit around the earth is.
no