With your kind permission, mass is a physical quantity,
and doesn't need an analog to be understood.
mass
Density.
A physical property of a material is an intrinsic characteristic of this material; examples: density, hardness, refractive index, boiling point etc. This not depends on the material mass. The physical quantity is a measure of the property; examples: g/cm3, volt, pascal, coulomb etc.
Mass is the measure of the quantity of matter.
No. As long as you don't take any of it away, the same quantity of mass is still there, and the same quantity of mass always has the same weight, regardless of what physical state it happens to be in. No, the weight of the water remains unchanged. Mass is conserved. It does, however, become less dense (takes up a little bit more volume).
The moment of Inertia
mass
The quantity of matter in a physical body
mass
Inertia is related to mass.
a physical quantity can be measured, like mass; a nonphysical quantity cannot be measured, like feelings or happiness
Density.
I assume you mean "inertia". That is related to mass.
Density
in FV analogy, mass is analogous to inductance
All physical quantities can be expressed in terms of Mass, Length, Time, and Charge.
The mass of the object.