Who discovered the Andromeda galaxy?

Answer 1

The earliest recorded observation of the Andromeda Galaxy was in 964 CE by the Persian astronomer, Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi (Azophi) who described it as a "small cloud" in his Book of Fixed Stars.

Other star charts of that period have it labeled as the Little Cloud. The first description of the object based on telescopic observation was given by Simon Marius in 1612. Charles Messier catalogued it as object M31 in 1764 and incorrectly credited Marius as the discoverer, unaware of Al Sufi's earlier work.

Answer 2

The Andromeda galaxy was discovered by Persian astronomer Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi in the 10th century. He observed it and documented it in his Book of Fixed Stars.