Who is the antagonist of devils arithmetic?

Answer 1

In "The Devil's Arithmetic" by Jane Yolen, the primary antagonist is the forces of hatred and intolerance that lead to the Holocaust, represented through the characters and events in the story. The character of the Nazi soldiers embodies this antagonism, as they perpetrate the atrocities against the Jewish people. Additionally, the concept of forgetting one’s heritage and history serves as a thematic antagonist, challenging the protagonist, Hannah, to remember and honor her ancestors' struggles.