Immediately below the Pope in the hierarchy of the Catholic Church are the cardinals. The primary responsibility of a cardinal is to elect a new pope when a pope dies or abdicates the papacy.
However, they have many responsibilities.
Cardinals form the Roman Curia, which is a whole group of administrators (Cardinal Prefects) - something like cabinet members who assist the president or department ministers who assist the prime minister.
The people who elect the new pope, are called cardinals-electors. They may elect any Catholic, but they usually pick one of their own to be the pope. You need at least 2/3 of the votes to become the pope. They basically write down whom they wish to vote for on a paper ballot; the ballots are burnt after each election, of which there are two a day, one in the morning, and one in the afternoon. If there is white smoke (the ballots are burnt by themselves), than there is a new pope, if a grey or black smoke (the ballots burnt with damp straw) there is no election, and the process must continue.
The College of Cardinals is appointed by the pope (or popes) over the years and they are responsible for electing the pope!
All cardinals under the age of 80 are responsible for electing the pope.
The enclosure of the cardinals while electing a new pope is called a Conclave.
The College of Cardinals began electing the pope in the year 1059
Yes, the cardinals cast secret ballots when electing a new pope.
American adult citizens are responsible for electing representatives.
Three tellers are chosen by the cardinals in the conclave. Their job is to open, count and verify the ballots cast for the pope.
The smoke comes from burning the ballots in a stove in the Sistine Chapel.
No, the only tourist area in the Vatican that is closed at the death of a pope and election of a new one would be the Sistine Chapel.
It is called a papal conclave - a secret meeting of all Cardinal Electors in the Sistine Chapel.
They wait 14 days. The Camerlingo is basically in charge of the preciding of the ancient ritual of re-electing a new pope. He must organise the College of Cardinals and he is the only one who is allowed to 'check' whether the Pope is actually dead.
citizens
The process has undergone a number of changes over the years but the process of electing a new pope dates back to the death of Saint Peter nearly 2000 years ago.