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Mustafa Kemal Atatürk was the founder and first president of the Republic of Turkey, serving from 1923 until his death in 1938. He is known for implementing a series of sweeping reforms aimed at modernizing Turkey, including the adoption of a new legal system based on secularism, the replacement of the Arabic script with the Latin alphabet, and the promotion of women's rights, such as granting them the right to vote and hold public office. Atatürk's reforms significantly transformed Turkish society and established a secular, nationalist state.

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