It grew under three kings - Cyrus the Great, his son Cambyses, and Darius the Great.
First Cyrus the Great, then his son Cambyses and finally Darius the Great.
There was no concept of universal citizenship. The Persian Empire included a wide variety of peoples organised variously into, and members of, their traditional city-states, tribes, principalities. These were ruled by Persian provincial governors and overall by the king and his council.
No. Constantinople did not exist during the tome of the Persian Empire in the 6th, 5th and 4th Centuries BCE. Constantinople would eventually become the capitals of the East Roman, Byzantine, and the Ottoman Empires in succession, but was never a Persian city, even though the Persians did occupy the Bosporus Strait where Constantinople is located.
"Xerxes foreign policy was to allow for any other religion, but if any country had challenged him in any way he would tell them what to believe in, also if you were not apart of his empire then you would be attacked until they gave submission of earth and water."Xerxes I had a custom of requesting a tribute of "land and water" as a policy towards nations before seizing them or adding them to the Persian empire. Examples of nations that revolted against him and had their religion removed from their land -as mentioned in the previous answer- were -supposedly- Babylon and Egypt. This method of expanding the Persian empire was an improvement over earlier methods used my the Assyrians that involved generally just beating everyone around them into a bloody submission. Smart administrative decisions by Xerxes I saw the nations willingly become tributaries of the Persian empire and even in some cases wanting to become a part of the Persian empire.*Italic writing indicates a previous response not removed.
It provided a degree of peace, prosperity and security for a large area, stretching from today's Libya to Pakistan, for a couple of hundred years. It alos provided a target for the ambitions of Alexander to become Great.
Darius!
Darius the Great.
First Cyrus the Great, then his son Cambyses and finally Darius the Great.
The Persian King Cambyses II conquered it and Libya and established a Persian governor.
in 650 B.C.
He did not become king of the Greeks, he was Hegemon (Leader). He could claim kingship of the Persian Empire when Persian emperor Darius was killed in 331 BCE.
There was no concept of universal citizenship. The Persian Empire included a wide variety of peoples organised variously into, and members of, their traditional city-states, tribes, principalities. These were ruled by Persian provincial governors and overall by the king and his council.
After king Cambyses II of Persia captured Egypt in 525 BCE.
Alexander the Great established the city of Alexandria (named after himself) as he captured the Persian Empire. This was over a hundred years after the end of the Persian War which ended in 449 BCE.
Alexander the Great had conquered the Persian Empire, and on his death it was dividedup by his generals into the Hellenistic Kingdoms - principally Macedonia, Egypt and Syria, plus transitory ones in Asia Minor. This took away the entire western half of the old Persian Empire. And as the power of the Hellenistic Kingdoms waned, it was replaced by the expansion of a rising Rome. In addition, the Indian sub-continent was taken over by rising powers there. So the richest parts of the Persian Empire were permanently denied to Sassanid expansion.
Cyrus did not defeat the Persians. Cyrus, as a Persian himself, actually gave them an empire.
No. Constantinople did not exist during the tome of the Persian Empire in the 6th, 5th and 4th Centuries BCE. Constantinople would eventually become the capitals of the East Roman, Byzantine, and the Ottoman Empires in succession, but was never a Persian city, even though the Persians did occupy the Bosporus Strait where Constantinople is located.