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Many sea creatures have dark backs and pale undersides. When they're swimming, predators (or prey) below them will have a hard time seeing their white fronts against the light coming from above, while predators (or prey) that are above them will have a hard time seeing their dark backs against the dark water below them. This is a form of countershading.

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Q: Why do penguins have white fronts and black backs?
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Why do penguins have a black and white coat?

they are black and white because preditors from the bottom see white when they look up and a penguins belly is white. Then preditors from the top see black and penguins backs are BLACK


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