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An ideal pendulum is one in which no air resistance or friction is present. Hence when set into motion it never loses energy to it's surrondings.

So when released, and left to swing, the energy potential it had get's convertedinto kinetic energy and therefore the pendulum swings. When it reaches it's amplitude(Highest swing) the energy is converted back to potential, and as it falls back to kinetic. As it is "ideal" it never loses energy to heat/ friction. Therefore, the conversion of kinetic energy to potential etc etc will always be constant and it will never stop.

Although in reality it is impossible to have an "ideal" pendulum, near ideal ones can be obtained by suspending the pendulum in a vacuum.

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Q: Why does a ideal pendulum swing back and forth indefinitely?
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