Certain elements combine with other atoms, donating, accepting or sharing electrons in different proportions depending on the nature of the reaction. For example, iron combines with oxygen to form ferrous oxide as well as ferric oxide. In the formation of ferrous oxide, iron exhibits a valency of +2, whereas in ferric oxide, it has a valency of +3. This is termed variable valency
Manganese is a chemical element, designated by the symbol Mn. It has the atomic number 25.Paramagnetism in the transition elements is caused by the presence of unpaired electrons in the d sub-orbital, and results in these elements being attracted by a magnetic field.Thats why mn show maxium paramagnetic character among ions of first transition elements.
group IIB elements (Zn Cd,Hg) don't have partially filled d-subshell either in elements or in their ionic ionic state, and neither they show typical properties of transition elements.... Elements of group IIIB are also non typically. From Lion Heart Baloh
You have mistaken Phosphate for Phosphorus. Phosphorus is in Group 5 of the periodic table. Group 5 elements generally have a valency of 3, but it is also possible for them to have a valency of 5... Below are two examples of compounds, one using Phosphorus with valency 5 (V) and one using Phosphorus valency 3 (III) : Phosphate (phosphorus with maximum oxygen) This is formed by Phosphorus (V) + 4 Oxygen. Oxygen has valency -2, thus... 5 + 4 x -2 = 5 - 8 = -3 So we can see that Phosphate has a charge of -3 (or in other words a valency of 3) Phosphite (phosphorus with one less than maximum oxygen) This is formed by Phosphorus (III) + 3 Oxygen, and so... 3 + 3 x -2 = 3 - 6 = -3 So we can see that Phosphite also has a valency of 3 Hope this helps!
Elements like Silicon and Carbon show catenation.
Certain elements combine with other atoms, donating, accepting or sharing electrons in different proportions depending on the nature of the reaction. For example, iron combines with oxygen to form ferrous oxide as well as ferric oxide. In the formation of ferrous oxide, iron exhibits a valency of +2, whereas in ferric oxide, it has a valency of +3. This is termed variable valency
All 2A elements show the valency of two.
If you mean the oxygen group, it is more properly known now as group 16. Oxygen has a valency of 2, but the other members of the group show various valencies. Sulfur can be 2, 4 or 6, as can selenium, tellurium and polonium. Little is known about livermorium. In modern usage, group 6 is chromium, molybdenum, tungsten and the radioactive seaborgium. These are transition metals and as such show variable valency. Common ones include 2, 3 and 6. Molybdenum and tungsten also exhibit valencies of 4 and 5.The Royal Society of Chemistry's interactive periodic table is a great source of such information.http://www.rsc.org/periodic-table/?gclid=CjwKEAjw2MOhBRCq-Nr87_j-lDASJAAl4FNhssVbsyCT_UjwmmrpVjUngib6tHybHy88YrC1gH_1shoCZDzw_wcB
they posses variable valency because of extra stablity of (n-1)d orbital...
Manganese is a chemical element, designated by the symbol Mn. It has the atomic number 25.Paramagnetism in the transition elements is caused by the presence of unpaired electrons in the d sub-orbital, and results in these elements being attracted by a magnetic field.Thats why mn show maxium paramagnetic character among ions of first transition elements.
Transition metals can move electrons between the outer shell and the d d orbital. For example, copper can either lose its 2 s electrons or move one of those s electrons into d orbital, which is one electron short of being full.
group IIB elements (Zn Cd,Hg) don't have partially filled d-subshell either in elements or in their ionic ionic state, and neither they show typical properties of transition elements.... Elements of group IIIB are also non typically. From Lion Heart Baloh
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You have mistaken Phosphate for Phosphorus. Phosphorus is in Group 5 of the periodic table. Group 5 elements generally have a valency of 3, but it is also possible for them to have a valency of 5... Below are two examples of compounds, one using Phosphorus with valency 5 (V) and one using Phosphorus valency 3 (III) : Phosphate (phosphorus with maximum oxygen) This is formed by Phosphorus (V) + 4 Oxygen. Oxygen has valency -2, thus... 5 + 4 x -2 = 5 - 8 = -3 So we can see that Phosphate has a charge of -3 (or in other words a valency of 3) Phosphite (phosphorus with one less than maximum oxygen) This is formed by Phosphorus (III) + 3 Oxygen, and so... 3 + 3 x -2 = 3 - 6 = -3 So we can see that Phosphite also has a valency of 3 Hope this helps!
how chalcogens form glass and show p-n transition
Group 17 elements, 'Halogens', have seven electrons in their valence shell and show the valency of 1. 4 of the 5 elements in that group are non metals including fluorine, which is the strongest.
Transition elements usually have more than one oxidation number. In different oxidation numbers, the ions show different colors. Some of the ranges: Cu from +1 to +2; Cr from +2 to +6; Ni from +2 to +3; Co from +2 to +3 and Mn from +2 to +7.