Engine coolant is formulated to withstand a greater range of temperatures. Not only will it prevent freezing, but in hot weather it raises the boiling point to about 260° F, where pure water would boil at 212° F. The cooling properties are better and it doesn't rust or cause rust.
Tap water from your house
If you try and run an auto engine with just water, instead of antifreeze/coolant; your car's engine will not last more than a few minutes, before it overheats or freezes up, depending on the weather conditions and how hard you run the engine. Coolant is not an optional choice instead of water, it's mandatory if you want to keep the engine running in good condition and save your car and a lot of money. Get one of those hoses with meters and red pointer, at Wal-Mart and check and see how well your cars antifreeze/coolant is holding up. It only costs around five dollars.
Coolant, also known as antifreeze, serves two purposes in a cars engine. (1) Coolant keeps the engine cool. During the summer especially, your engine can get very hot. We all know that when water gets hot enough, it boils. Have you ever seen a car on the side of the road, with a bunch of steam blowing out of the hood? That is a car with an over heated engine. Coolant can still boil like water, however coolant has a higher boiling point than water. (2) Coolant also keeps the engine from freezing. This is very important. If your cars engine has water in it, instead of coolant, and the outside temperature drops below freezing, your engine may become susceptible to becoming frozen. If your engine freezes from sitting in the cold without coolant, the water inside of the engine will expand. When ice expands it has to go somewhere. You engine will crack and will not be repairable. Coolant can still freeze, but unless your using the lowest grade coolant, and your driving through Alaska, your coolant probably won't freeze. How does coolant both keep the engine cool when running, but keep it from freezing too? Its simple; Coolant has a higher boiling point than water (99.7'), and it has a lower boiling point than water (32'). The temperature highs and lows vary with the type of coolant you use. !CAUTION! When your coolant level goes down, due to evaporation or leaks, you may out water in your radiator for a temporary fix. HOWEVER this alters the highest and lowest points of your coolants temperature peak. MORE WATER = WATERY COOLANT
I would only put water in an emergency situation where I don't have coolant available. The coolant helps the engine to not overheat and to not freezing, while that could happen if you just use water. If you don't have your vehicle's manual to know the specification of the coolant, you can use the generally available Prestone and add water according to the table on the coolant's recipient. (or you can buy the pre-mixed formula)
if at all possible you need to use anti freeze but water is ok to use in a pinch
You use engine coolant, period. There is no manufacturer specific kind. Make sure you mix it 50 percent coolant and 50 percent water. -actually its the green kind-
Clean water, preferably drinkable water.
Always use antifreeze. Water does not have any water pump lubricants or anti corrosion properties, antifreeze coolant does.
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You cannot use water in an engine instead of petrol. The internal combustion engine of a car or truck requires the ignition of gases in order to create power. This doesn't happen with water.
you should use coolant, therefore your bike will run cooler, the lower the engine temperature the better