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Port Arthur closed as a prison in 1877.
Interestingly, one of the catalysts to its closure was the release of Marcus Clarke's novel For the Term of His Natural Life. This novel (the title of which refers to one of the sentences a convict could receive) showed the brutality of the Port Arthur prison, and the Tasmanian colony received some rather unwanted notoriety as a result. After it closed, there was an attempt to rename the settlement "Carnarvon", but it had reverted to "Port Arthur" again by 1927.
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Why the site was chosen?
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