It is because the salt in the salt water will absord the fresh water in the cell, dehydrating it and making it shrivel up. The red blood cell shrivels up because of the process of osmosis. Water flows from an area of high concentration to lower concentration. If there is a lot of solute (picture a bunch of particles in water) then the water has a low concentration and a high concentration of solute. The RBC is sitting in extra cellular fluid (ECF). Within the RBC is intracellular fluid (ICF). If there is a lot of salt in the ECF or water like your example this means the fluid has a low concentration. Therefore, water from the ICF of the red blood cell will go out into the ECF so that its osmolarity will equal the osmolarity of the ECF. When more fluid goes to the ECF it is increasing it's concentration relative to the NaCl particles. Cells do this to maintain equality and balance.
9% NaCl is a hypertonic saline solution. Red blood cells will appear to shrink as they lose water out of the cell membrane and into the saline solution.
2% glucose solution is considered as a hypotonic solution for that the solution will enter the semi-permeable membrane of the red blood cells causing the cells to explode or burst. Why? It's because RBCs have a higher concentration inside it than that of the 2% glucose solution so the solution will enter the cells.
hypertonic solution
When red onions are placed in a solution with fifteenth percent salt and forty- five percent water, the water leaves the red onion cells through osmosis until the cell membrane will eventually collapse.
If a red blood cell is placed in a 50% NaCl solution, the cell will undergo a process called crenation, where water leaves the cell due to the high concentration of salt outside. This causes the cell to shrink and lose its normal shape, which can ultimately lead to cell damage or death.
When red blood cells are placed in a 1.5% saline solution, the solution is hypertonic compared to the cells. This causes water to move out of the cells through osmosis, leading to the cells shrinking and potentially undergoing crenation. Gradually, the red blood cells may lose their normal shape and functionality as a result of being in a hypotonic environment.
they absorb water through the permeable membrane and on ovr absorbing...they burst up
If human red blood cells are placed in a Ringer solution, which is an isotonic solution, they will maintain their normal shape and structure. The osmotic balance between the solution and the cells will prevent any swelling or shrinking of the red blood cells.
hypotonic solution
When red blood cells are placed in a 9.0 percent NaCl (salt) solution, they will shrink and shrivel up due to the higher salt concentration outside the cell compared to inside. This process is called plasmolysis, and the cells will appear crenated or wrinkled under a microscope.
Since a 9% saline solution is hypertonic as compared to the cell, it would crenate (crush or shrink).
In isotonic solution nothing ail happen. In hypertonic solution fluid will leave the cell to dilute the external fluid, causing the cell to crenate. In Hypotonic solution fluid will move into the cell to dilute the contents of the cell, causing it to bust or haemolyse.