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Structural adaptations of the killer whale include:

  • The blubber on a Killer Whale works as insulation to trap heat and keep the whale warm in colder conditions.
  • They are quite agile in the water, which helps them to escape from predators, and to hunt down prey.
  • The body shape of a killer whale is streamlined to allow for speed in the water - they are among the fastest of the marine mammals. Their shape also enables them to ride waves, which is one way to conserve energy.
  • Killer whales are capable of diving more than 100m (the deepest dive ever recorded was 274m).
  • When they dive, killer whales have a slower heart rate, while protein molecules such as haemoglobin and myoglobin store oxygen in body tissue, enabling a more energy and oxygen-efficient dive.
  • They have strong pectoral fins to help them steer and they stop with the help of flukes (end of the tail).
  • Their dorsal fins help to stabilize them when they are reaching high speeds.
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