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The heart wall is richly supplied with blood vessels, and it is composed of three layers: the epicardium, the myocardium, and the endocardium.

First layer--Epicardium is the visceral layer of the serous pericardium. It is often infiltrated with fat, especially in older people.

Middle layer--Myocardium ("muscle heart") is composed mainly of cardiac muscle and forms the bulk of the heart. It is the layer that contracts.

Third layer--Endocardium ("inside the heart") is a glistening white sheet of endothelium (squamous epithelium) resting on a thin connective tissue layer. Located on the innermyocarial surface, it lines the heart chambers and covers the fibrous skeleton of the valves. Endocardium is continuous with the endothelial linings of the blood vessels leaving and entering the heart.

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12y ago

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