A car relay is a remote control switch that controls electrical components. To see how you should test yours, check your owners manual.
Simply swap it with another like relay.
The quickest & easiest way to test a relay is by substitution. It can be bench tested using wires and a test lamp.
Remove it and bench test it or bring to auto parts store they can test it for you
Some bench test them with an oscilliscope.
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Avionics Test Bench
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Swap the relay with another like relay.
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First, check for resistance on the relay. If you get no resistance when you test it with a digital multimeter, the relay needs to be replaced. If that isn't the cause, you'll have to pull the starter off and have it bench tested (this is a free service at places such as Auto Zone, NAPA, etc.). If that doesn't solve it, then you need to check your electrical connections. If that doesn't solve it, you need to test the ignition switch.
You can test a relay with and without a 9 volt battery. If you apply 9 volts to it and it's sufficient to turn on the relay, the NO switch will close and then have continuity with common. If you don't apply voltage, the NO switch will be open and not have continuity with common. You can use these continuity and resistance checks to test a relay to see if it works.
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to avoid bench contamination answer by cowboy