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The distance changes because both Earth and Jupiter are orbiting the Sun and both Earth and Jupiter have elliptical orbits round the Sun.

There are therefore occasions when Jupiter and Earth are both on the same side of the Sun, but as Earth goes round the Sun much faster then Jupiter there are other occasions when Earth is on one side of the Sun and Jupiter is on the other.

The minimum distance that Jupiter comes to the Earth is about 365 million miles, while the maximum distance is about 577 million miles.

If you are interested in the precise distance from Earth to any other body in the solar system at the "present", the open-source planetarium program Stellarium is an excellent, and free, option. Download it from stellarium.org. For example, on March 5, 2011 at 10:15 AM PST, Jupiter is 542,640,219 miles and increasing, as the Earth races on ahead of Jupiter.

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