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our body adapts to temperature using something called negative feedback this is where the body trys to get back to the optimum (preferred) temperature of about 37 degrees c below is how negative feedback works :

when your hot - when your hot vassodilation happens this is where the blood vessels in the skin open up along with the pores on the surface of your skin to release excess heat this produces sweat which spreads across the surface of your skin in order to cool it down back to the optimum temperature.

when your cold - this is a similar process as if you were hot but is called vassoconstriction this is where the blood vessells instead of opening up get thinner this is so that hardly any heat come away to be release on the surface of the skin this in turn causes the hairs on our arms to stick up this helps our body gather heat to its maximum to normalize back to the optimum temperature.

hope this helped :)

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