When there are two atoms bonded to the central atom and no lone pairs, the molecule adopts a linear shape. When lone pairs are present, bent geometry can be present.
trigonal pyramidal
Ammonia, NH3, is an example. Refer to the related link for an illustration.
When the central atom of a molecule has unshared electron, the bond angles will be less than when all the central atom's electrons are shared.
four electrons . four electrons .
None
two, six
It is pyramidal.
When the central atom of a molecule has unshared electron, the bond angles will be less than when all the central atom's electrons are shared.
four electrons . four electrons .
None
two, six
The nitrogen atom in ammonia has one unshared pair of electrons.
Repulsion of the unshared electron pairs (2)and the bonded pairs (2) around the central oxygen atom. Repulsion of these 4 electron pairs attempts to form a tetrahedral shape. Describing the molecular shape, we ignore the unshared electrons and just describe the shape of the molecule based on the location of the atoms, thus bent.
repulsive forces between unshared pairs of electrons
A hydrogen atom can lose its only electron in an ionic bond. The atom would have no electrons. Actually the correct answer is No.
It is pyramidal.
A fluorine atom has seven unshared electrons in its outer most shell (valence shell).
oxygen and sulfur have two pairs of unshared electrons. These two pairs of unshared electrons serve as another attached atom for the shape of the molecule. Now the items making the points of tetrahedron are now limited to two. The angle between the hydrogens in water is about 105 degrees
The shape would tend to be trigonal pyramidal. An example would be ammonia, NH3.