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There are several types of radioactive decay that nuclei can undergo. The primary ones are alpha decay, where the nucleus emits an alpha particle (a helium-4 nucleus), and beta decay, where the nucleus emits either an electron and electron antineutrino or a positron and an electron neutrino. There's also a decay mode called electron capture (or K capture or L capture) where the nucleus emits an electron neutrino. Any of the above types of decay generally emit a gamma ray (photon) as well.

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