The processor. It is located on the motherboard. Sometimes people refer to the motherboard as a computer's brains also.
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This is known as the CPU, also known as the Central Proccessing Unit, or just Processor.
RAM
Motherboard connects every component of a computer and so its AKA "backbone of PC"
The motherboard is the brains of the computer. The motherboard is a large printed circuit board. It allows components to communicate with each other.
The Processor is the brains of the computer to process the information. All of the data that you are working from is from the Hard Drive.
The brains off the computer is called a brain-computer interface (BCI)
CPU is the "commonly known as" name of that component. Either CPU or Processor. The acronym CPU stands for "Central Processing Unit". The previous answer of "mother bored" is completely wrong for 2 reasons: 1) it is "motherboard" or "mother board" 2) the CPU is a required add-on component TO the motherboard, not the motherboard itself.
Using brains
A computer component would be part of the computer itself. Devices can be separate to a computer and just connected to it.
Worms. (Phylus Nematoda) They were the first creatures with brains, and technically, brains are computers.
The CPU - Central Processing Unit, or the brains of the computer.