How does a computer follow the information processing cycle to perform tasks?

Answer 1

describe how the computer conduct the information processing cycle

Answer 2

Information processing is the process of changing or converting information into meaningful form. Information is a processed, organized or classified data which is useful for the receiver. Information is the processed data which may be used “as is” or may be put to use along with more data or information. The receiver of information takes actions and decisions based on the information received. Collected data must be processed to get meaning out of it, and this meaning is obtained in the form of information. Further information is considered useful & meaningful only if has these characteristics

Timely − Information should be available when required, a delay in obtaining information renders it useless.

Accuracy − Accuracy of information has a significant impact on the decision-making. Possibilities of even slightest errors should be minimized

Completeness − Information should be complete. Incomplete information causes incorrect and unintended results.

Comprehensive – Information which is incomprehensible is useless for the receiver. This becomes a case of information failure as the sender sent the information, but it was of no use for the receiver, thus is not considered as “information.”

Understanding “information processing” in daily life and Examples

Information is the processed data which is of some use for humans. Information may further be processed and/or manipulated to form knowledge. Information containing wisdom is known as knowledge. Taking an example of information processing, digits in a report card are considered as information; similarly, stats, when placed in a report or used in some context, provides an understanding. Data collected during surveys is meaningless unless it is processed. Good questionnaires are formed and surveys are conducted to collect data which can be processed to give useful insight. Another example can be a tabular data if merely a table is constructed without with the available data it might not convey the intended message, but when data mapping is done using that data to create graphs & charts, it becomes information. Thus information processing is important.

Understanding Information processing Cycle

Information processing cycle is a sequence of events consisting of input, processing, storage & output. To understand more about what is information processing cycle it is a good idea to study about data processing cycle also. These events are similar as in case of data processing cycle. For a computer to perform useful work, the computer has to receive instructions and data from the outside world. The computer receives data and instructions during the INPUT stage of the information processing cycle. Useful information results when appropriate instructions are applied to data. Applying instructions to data takes place during the PROCESSING stage of the information processing cycle. To avoid having to re-enter data and instructions or reprocess information, computers can save information. Saving information on a computer occurs during the STORAGE phase of the information processing cycle. Saving information on a computer occurs during the Storage phase of the information processing cycle. This is followed by the result in the OUTPUT stage. Computer Processing Cycle is a similar process with similar steps by which data is fed to a computer.

Information processing cycle

Four phases of the of the cycle to process information

1. Input: Computer receives data and instructions

2. Process: Computer applies instructions to data to produce information (organized Data)

3. Storage: Saving the information for a subsequent use or use in future

4. Output: Computer sends information to people in a usable format.

Related: Data Processing, Data Processing Methods, Data Mining

information processing cycle diagram

Input – Entering data into the computer

Feeding the collected raw data in the cycle for processing. This is the raw data which is supplied for processing & obtaining information.

Input can be done by utilizing various devices such as keyboards, mice, flatbed scanners, barcode readers, joysticks, digital data tablets (for graphics drawing), electronic cash registers, etc

Processing – Performing operations on the data

Once the input is provided the raw data is processed by a suitable or selected processing method. This is the most crucial step as it allows for the processed data in the form of output which will be used further.

Processing is usually done by CPU (Central Processing Unit) in a computer. CPU is the crucial component for getting the operations done.

Storage – Saving data in a soft/physical form

This is the outcome, and the raw data provided in the first stage is now “processed,” and the data is useful and provides information and no longer called data.

Storage can be done on external hard disk, inbuilt hard disk, pen drives, micro SD cards, compact disks or even in registers.

Output – Results obtained, i.e., information

Answer 3

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