Fractional distillation is only useful if the components are liquid, and the separation is based on boiling point. Another, more applicable method would be chromatography, either thin layer, paper, or column.
What do you mean by components?
Do you just mean separating salt from water?
If so,
- Filtration
- Evaporation
- Distillation
Fractional distillation is a good method.
chromatography
Evaporation
boil the solution and the liquid will vaporize, leaving behind the solid
Yes, in this case you would have an aqueous solution of sodium chloride and acetic acid.
Sand and marbles would not be a solution. A solution has a solute (a solid) and a solvent (a liquid). You must also not be able to just separate the two. Sand and marbles would not be a solution because you can simply pick out the marbles, and there is no solvent!
If a substance is dissolved in a solvent, distillation allows recovery of both the solvent and the solute.
Separation by chromatograhy
Boiling off the water from a salt solution will separate the solid salt and water (which can be collected by a condenser).
Separation by chromatograhy
evaporating the water would leave the soil in the container, or, depending on the solubility of soil, you could use a filter.
In solution, the salt will be dissolved in the water, the sand and iron will settle to the bottom of the container. Separate out the water, evaporate the water and the salt will remain, separate the sand and iron filings with a magnet.
That would be a centrifuge.
Distillation separation
Evaporation
filtration or distillation
This chemical process is called fractional distillation.
You would use a drainer to separate a suspension
To determine the concentration of a solution, you would need to separate the solution. You then determine how much of the solution is diluted, and how much is whole.