The Egyptians believed that if they recited the right incantations and pass all of the tests from the Book of the Dead, they would make it to their paradise, Happy Field of Food. The Sumerians however, believed when they died they would descend to the grim underworld, a point of no return.
The Sumerians believed at death, they were expected to descend forever into a dark underworld, a huge cave filled with nothing but dust and silence. As the textbook says, they had a gloomy outlook on aftterlife.
Egyptians viewed the afterlife as a test, that if you passed you would continue into paradise. Summerians viewed death/afterlife as a dark deep cave.
The sumerians view differed, because of their environment. Sumerians were surrounded by mountains and often had floods. Egyptians always had good things happen to them. Thus environment shapes religion.
As building structures, they are considered one of the "Wonders of the World". They also have helped to give archaeologists insight in how the ancient Egyptians viewed the afterlife.
The Sumerian kings (called Lugals) had different roles in the various Sumerian cities where they ruled, but often is was a mixture of priestly roles and purely chief executive roles. Despite those priestly roles, Sumerians did not see their kings as descendants of the gods or as gods themselves. The Egyptiands did.
To the Egyptians, the Pharaohs were actually gods.
To the Egyptians, the Pharaohs were actually gods.
the Mesopotamians viewed it as a yearly, unpredictable disaster; while the Egyptians viewed it as a very predictable event that they could use to their advantage because of the silt that the floods left behind.
they viewed their pharaohs as one of the gods.
Both the Puritans and William Penn viewed their colonies as "holy experiments." How did they differ?
In ancient Egypt, religion played a crucial role in the practice of mummification, as it was believed that preserving the body was essential for the soul's journey in the afterlife. The Egyptians viewed the afterlife as a continuation of life on earth, and mummification ensured that the deceased could reunite with their physical form. This process was deeply intertwined with their beliefs about gods, the afterlife, and the necessity of maintaining the body for eternal existence, reflecting their reverence for the divine and the importance of rituals in securing a favorable afterlife.
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The Egyptians believed royal burial sites were crucial because they reflected the belief in the afterlife and the Pharaoh's divine status. They viewed the Pharaoh as a god on earth, and proper burial ensured a safe passage to the afterlife and the continuation of their influence. Elaborate tombs, filled with treasures and offerings, were seen as necessary for the Pharaoh's journey and to sustain them in the next world. Thus, these burial sites were central to their religious beliefs and social order.