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These are just some of the basics of how a plant brings food and water, up to the leaves.

Osmosis is a powerful force carrying water and nutrients up a tree or plant stem.

Osmosis, draws or pushes, fluids from one area, containing a solution of low concentration, into another area, through a membrane, and into a solution, that has less water by percentage, or a higher concentration, of dissolved substances.

Evaporation is the basis, or driving force allowing the osmosis to occur. By the leaves allowing water to evaporate, they also cause a lack of water in the solution, in the leaves. The solution becomes more concentrated in the leaves. This causes water to move upwards and into the leaves.

Capillarity is a very important effect as well. Most have noticed that when they put a soda straw into a beverage, that inside the straw the liquid level is slightly higher. Then the rest of the liquid in the cup. That effect if you have ever witnessed it, is capillarity.

The smaller the straw, tube or channel, the greater the effect of capillarity. Without this effect, fluids would run down the stem and never reach the top of the plant.

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