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Living organisms require organic compoundsfor food. Organic refers to molecules that contain carbon and hydrogen. Examples of organic nutrients are carbohydrates (sugars, starches), lipids, and proteins.
Autotrophs are organisms that make their own organic food. Heterotrophs consume food that is already present in the environment. For example, plants are autotrophs because they make their own food by photosynthesis. Animals are heterotrophs because they obtain their food by eating it.
Autotrophic Prokaryotes
There are two kinds of Autotrophic prokaryotes. Those that make organic food using energy from sunlight are photosynthetic. Autotrophs that make organic food using energy from inorganic chemicals are chemosynthetic.
Photosynthetic Prokaryotes
The first photosynthetic prokaryotes to evolve did not produce oxygen.
Cyanobacteria evolved later with the same kinds of chlorophyll found in plants. During photosynthesis, water (H2O) molecules are split and O2 molecules are released. The balanced equation is below.
Energy + CO2 (carbon dioxide) + H2O becomes C6H12O6 (glucose) + O2
The green sulfur bacteria and purple sulfur bacteria do not split water during photosynthesis. Instead, they split H2S; oxygen is therefore not released.
Photosynthetic prokaryotes have extensions of theplasma membrane called thylakoids. Many of the molecules needed in the reactions of photosynthesis are found within thethylakoid membrane.
Chemosynthetic Prokaryotes
Chemosynthetic prokaryotes obtain energy to make their organic food by oxidizing high-energy inorganic compounds (hydrogen gas, ammonia, nitrites, and sulfides) instead of consuming organic nutrients or using sunlight.
Many chemosynthetic prokaryotes are anaerobic; they are often found deep in the sediments of lakes and swamps.
Chemosynthetic prokaryotes form the basis of the food chain for some communities 2.5 km beneath the sea. Energy for these communities comes from hydrothermal (volcanic) vents. The hot water pouring out of these vents contains high concentrations of inorganic minerals such as sulfides that can be used as an energy source by the prokaryotes.
Heterotrophic Prokaryotes
Heterotrophic prokaryotes feed on organic matterby secreting enzymes and absorbing the digested material.
Most heterotrophic prokaryotes are aerobic.
Feeding
Three types of heterotrophs are described below. Each category is determined by the feeding mode.
Saprotrophic organisms are decomposers. They play a critical role in recycling (releasing) nutrients that are tied up in the bodies of dead organisms. Most heterotrophic prokaryotes fall into this category.
Parasites are organisms that live in close association with another species and one species benefits at the expense of the other. Usually, the smaller species resides within a larger species and derives its food from the larger organism. Normally, the larger organism is not killed.
Mutualistic organisms are those that live in close association with another species and both species benefit as a result of the association. For example, some nitrogen-fixing bacteria live in nodules on the roots of plants. They convert atmospheric nitrogen (N2) to a form that is usable by plants. Plants provide the bacteria with carbohydrates
What else can I help you with?
What are the three way in which bacteria obtain food?
some capture and use the sun's energy as plants do.others do not use sun's energy. while others use the energy from chemical substance in their environment to make food.
What is the main way that your body obtains energy from the sun?
In Cellular Respiration, we get energy from the plants and animals we consume. So we indirectly obtain energy from the sun.
How do hermit crabs obtain energy?
Hermit crabs obtain energy by consuming a variety of foods in their diet, such as algae, plankton, and decaying matter. They are opportunistic feeders and scavenge for food on the ocean floor. Additionally, they may also ingest small particles of calcium for shell growth and repair.
How bacteria obtain food and energy?
Like all organisms, bacteria need a constant supply of energy to carry out their functions. This energy comes from food The process of breaking down food to release its energy is called respiration.
How can you obtain and use the energy from lightning?
you can obtain energy from lightning by placing something out side in a storm and if lightning were to strike it, it would power up thanks for reading u all
How do autotrophs and heterotrophs differ in way they obtain energy?
Heterotrophs obtain energy from foods they consume, and Autotrophs obtain energy by the sun light
How do protozoa and alagae differ in the way they obtain energy?
Protozoa eat food to obtain energy and algae use photosynthesis.
In what way are herbivores and carnivore alike?
They both obtain energy by consuming other organisms
How does a turtle obtain energy?
The same way you do: it eats food.
How do decomposed obtain energy?
They obtain energy in much the same way as people do. They take organic matter called detritus, and take the chemical potential energy out of it.
How do bacteria obtain the energy they need?
Bacteria obtain energy through processes such as photosynthesis, where they convert light energy into chemical energy, or through respiration, where they break down organic molecules to release energy. Some bacteria can also obtain energy by metabolizing inorganic compounds such as hydrogen sulfide or ammonia.
What are the three way in which bacteria obtain food?
some capture and use the sun's energy as plants do.others do not use sun's energy. while others use the energy from chemical substance in their environment to make food.
How do heterotrophs and autotrophs differ in the way they obtain energy?
Heterotrophs obtain energy by consuming other organisms, while autotrophs make their own energy through processes like photosynthesis or chemosynthesis. Essentially, heterotrophs rely on external sources for energy, while autotrophs are self-sufficient in energy production.
Can you use a right of way as your driveway?
in some counties you need to obtain a permit to obtain a right a way otherwise no
What is the main way that your body obtains energy from the sun?
In Cellular Respiration, we get energy from the plants and animals we consume. So we indirectly obtain energy from the sun.
Three ways for organisms to get energy?
Through the process of photosynthesis, plants and some bacteria can convert sunlight into chemical energy. Animals obtain energy by consuming other organisms through eating and digesting food. Some organisms, like certain bacteria and fungi, can obtain energy through the process of chemosynthesis, using inorganic compounds as a source of energy.
What are the two ways cells can obtain energy when oxygen is not present?
Cells can obtain energy through anaerobic respiration, where glucose is partially broken down to release energy in the absence of oxygen. Another way is fermentation, which involves the breakdown of glucose to produce energy without the use of oxygen.
