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Geiger and Marsden, under Rutherford's direction, fired alpha particles at a very thin sheet of gold foil. They used a movable fluorescent screen to determine where the alpha particles went after passing through the foil. The screen emitted tiny flashes of light whenever an alpha particle struck it, so Rutherford and his team could see how the particles were being affected by the atoms they struck.

Based on Thomson's model of the atom as a diffuse sphere of intermeshed positive and negative charge, Rutherford expected all of the alpha particles to pass through the gold foil with little or no scattering; indeed, they found that most of the particles passed straight through the foil, as if it weren't even there. In other words, the greatest number of flashes occurred when the screen was held directly behind the gold foil, in the path of the alpha particles. A tiny fraction of the particles, however, were reflected back toward the alpha emitter. From this Rutherford concluded that gold atoms must be mostly empty space, with tiny, dense, positively charged nuclei surrounded by extremely rarefied clouds of negative charge.

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What scientific term could describe the group of prisoners who changed their diet in gold Berger's experiment?

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Related Questions

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