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The types of volcanic material include:

- Lava : liquid rock (felsic or mafic magma)

- Ash : pulverized or oxidized rock, the smallest particles of ejected rock

- Gases : carbon dioxide, sulfur compounds, and water vapor

- Pyroclastic flows : extremely hot gas and rock, typically flowing at hundreds of miles per hour.

- Volcanic bombs : heavy masses of solid or liquid rock

* Ash, pyroclastic particles, and bombs are collectively known as tephra.

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