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What is bioavilability in pharmacology?
Bioavailability in pharmacology refers to the fraction of a drug that reaches the systemic circulation and is available to produce an effect after administration. It is typically expressed as a percentage and takes into account how much of the administered dose is absorbed and becomes available to the body. Factors like drug formulation, route of administration, and first-pass metabolism can affect a drug's bioavailability.
How do you calculate total systemic clearance and renal clearance?
Total systemic clearance (Cl_total) can be calculated by dividing the dose of a drug administered by the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) for that drug: Cl_total = Dose / AUC. Renal clearance (Cl_renal) is determined by measuring the rate of drug excretion in urine and the plasma concentration of the drug: Cl_renal = (Urine concentration × Urine flow rate) / Plasma concentration. Both clearances provide insight into how effectively a drug is eliminated from the body, with total systemic clearance reflecting all elimination pathways and renal clearance focusing specifically on kidney function.
When someone is acidosis what hormone drug should be administered?
Insulin should be administered!!
How does chemical stability of the drugs in the gastrointestinal tact affect the bio-availability of the drugs?
Bioavailability is used to describe the fraction of an administered dose of unchanged drug that reaches the systemic circulation, so we need chemically stable drug in order to increase the chance of drug absorbance and thus increased bioavailability.
What is the bioavailability of a drug?
Bioavailability of a drug refers to the fraction of the administered dose that reaches systemic circulation in an unchanged form. It is a measure of the extent and rate at which the active ingredient is absorbed and becomes available at the site of action in the body. Bioavailability is influenced by factors such as route of administration, drug formulation, and first-pass metabolism.
Which hormones can make a person susceptible to infection when administered for too long as a drug?
Glucocorticoids can make a person susceptible to infection when they are administered for too long as a drug.
What forms are systemic antifungal drugs administered in?
They are available in tablet, capsule, liquid, and injectable forms.
How is the drug ice administered?
Needle oral and smking
When a drug acts on the area to which it is administered is has what is know as?
local action
Can any drug have more than 100 percent bioavailability?
No, a drug cannot have more than 100 percent bioavailability. Bioavailability is defined as the fraction of an administered dose that reaches the systemic circulation in an unchanged form, and it is expressed as a percentage. Since it measures the extent to which a drug is absorbed and available for action in the body, it is inherently limited to a maximum of 100 percent, representing complete absorption.
Can bioavailability be more than 100 percent for orally administred drugs?
Basically no, due to two reasons:First, the drug is incompletely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, some of it exits the body unabsorbed along with the feces.Second, the absorbed amount of the drug undergoes first-pass metabolism; where the drug enters the hepatic portal system and is partly metabolized by the liver, thus, the amounts of drug reaching the systemic circulation unchanged is even less.Therefore, the bioavailability of orally administered drugs is always below a 100% and can never be a 100%.Moreover, its not logical for it to be more than 100%, since bioavailability by definition is the fraction of the amount of the drug administered that reaches the systemic circulation unchanged. It can't be more than 100% unless larger amounts of the drug reaches your circulation than the amount you already took orally, which is impossible.While it cannot be more than 100% for a single dose, if the drug is administered more often than the period necessary for complete elimination from the body, total serum concentration may be higher than 100% of the single dose. Such is the case with most antibiotics for example, which are administered at intervals of 4-6-12 hours to achieve and maintain plasma concentrations higher than the single dose. (PS I am not a health professional)
Is cavaraject a drug?
Caverject is indeed a drug. It is used to treat erectile dysfunction. It's administered by injection into the penis.
