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Temperature is the measure of the average velocity of the particles of a material. The last postulate of the kinetic molecular theory states that the average kinetic energy of a gas particle depends only on the temperature of the gas. Thus, the average kinetic energy of the gas particles increases as the gas becomes warmer.

Keep in mind, though, that the temperature of a substance is proportional to the amount of heat (thermal energy) that it is receiving or losing (except during a phase change, e.g. from liquid to gas), but it is not the same thing.

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