Estrogens are present in both men and women, they are usually present at significantly higher levels in women of reproductive age. They promote the development of female secondary sexual characteristics, such as breasts, and are also involved in the thickening of the endometrium and other aspects of regulating the menstrual cycle. In males, estrogen regulates certain functions of the reproductive system important to the maturation of sperm and may be necessary for a healthy libido. Furthermore, there are several other structural changes induced by estrogen in addition to other functions. In dentistry, it reduces hyperkeratinization of the gingiva and increase vascular permeability, exudation, and edema.
by Dr. Ahmed Mohamed Ali Aadle, from Somalia
Wuhan medical university, China