A time zone is a geographical area throughout which the time is the same.

Before time zones were introduced in the mid-19th century, every city set its clocks according to when the sun was at its highest elevation in the sky as seen from that location, calling that noon. That time changes by four minutes for every degree of longitude. When transportation and communication started to become faster, it became too confusing for every city to have a different time.

The time in each time zone is specified by its offset, or how far behind or ahead it is, from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). Each time zone's offset and its borders are specified by the government that has jurisdiction over the area, so time zone borders usually follow geopolitical borders. In many places, one hour is added to the time offset from spring until fall in an effort to conserve energy known as Daylight Saving Time or Summer Time. There are 41 different time offsets used around the world each year. 38 of them are in use from 22nd March to 22nd September, and 39 of them are in use during the other half of each year. One time offset can have several different names, especially in Asia and South America, where time zone names are not shared between countries.

Here are the 41 time zone offsets with the time zone names associated with each one. Places that use Daylight Saving Time/ Summer Time are shown separately from places that do not:

UTC - 11 hours

Niue Time (NUT) - Niue, New Zealand
Samoa Standard Time (SST) - US territories of American Samoa & Midway

UTC - 10 hours

Cook Islands Time (CKT) - Cook Islands
Hawaii-Aleutian Standard Time (HAST) - Hawaii, USA
Tahiti Time (TAHT) - the Austral Islands, Society Islands & Tuamotus of French Polynesia

UTC - 10 hours / UTC - 9 hours

Hawaii-Aleutian Standard Time/ Hawaii-Aleutian Daylight Saving Time (HAST/HADT) - part of the Aleutian Islands of Alaska, USA

UTC - 9.5 hours

Marquesas Time (MART) - the Marquesas Islands of French Polynesia

UTC - 9 hours

Gambier Time (GAMT) - the Gambier Islands of French Polynesia

UTC - 9 hours / UTC - 8 hours

Alaska Standard Time/ Alaska Daylight Saving Time (AKST/AKDT) - most of Alaska, USA

UTC - 8 hours

Metlakatla Time (MeST) - Annette Island, Alaska, USA
Pitcairn Standard Time (PST) - the Pitcairn Islands, U.K.

UTC - 8 hours / UTC - 7 hours

Pacific Standard Time / Pacific Daylight Saving Time (PST/PDT) - parts of Canada, Mexico & the United States

UTC - 7 hours

Mountain Standard Time (MST) - Sonora, Mexico, most of Arizona, USA, & parts of British Columbia, Canada

UTC - 7 hours / UTC - 6 hours

Mountain Standard Time/ Mountain Daylight Saving Time (MST/MDT) - parts of Canada, Mexico & the United States

UTC - 6 hours

Central Standard Time (CST) - Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras & Nicaragua & most of Saskatchewan, Canada
Galapagos Time (GALT) - the Galapagos Islands of Ecuador

UTC - 6 hours / UTC - 5 hours

Central Standard Time/ Central Daylight Saving Time (CST/CDT) - parts of Canada & the United States; most of Mexico
Easter Island Time/ Easter Island Summer Time (EAST/EASST) - Easter Island (Chile)

UTC - 5 hours

Acre Time (ACT) - parts of Brazil
Colombia Time (COT) - Colombia
Eastern Standard Time (EST) - Cayman Islands (UK), Jamaica, Panama, parts of Canada
Ecuador Time (ECT) - Ecuador
Peru Time (PET) - Peru

UTC - 5 hours / UTC - 4 hours

Cuba Standard Time/ Cuba Daylight Saving Time (CUST/CUDT) - Cuba
Eastern Standard Time/ Eastern Daylight Saving Time (EST/EDT) - Bahamas, Haiti, Turks & Caicos (UK), parts of Canada & the United States

UTC - 4.5 hours

Venezuelan Standard Time (VET) - Venezuela

UTC - 4 hours

Amazon Time (AMT) - part of Brazil
Atlantic Standard Time (AST) - Anguilla (UK), Antigua & Barbuda, Barbados, British Virgin Islands, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guadeloupe (France), Martinica (France), Montserrat (UK), Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico (USA), St. Kitts & Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent & Grenadines, Trinidad & Tobago, US Virgin Islands, part of Quebec, Canada
Bolivia Time (BOT) - Bolivia
Guyana Time (GYT) - Guyana

UTC - 4 hours / UTC - 3 hours

Amazon Time/ Amazon Summer Time (AMT/AMST) - part of Brazil
Atlantic Standard Time/ Atlantic Daylight Saving Time (AST/ADT) - Bermuda (UK) & parts of Canada & Greenland (Denmark)
Chile Time/ Chile Summer Time (CLT/CLST) - Chile & Palmer, Anvers Island, Antarctica
Paraguay Time/ Paraguay Summer Time (PYT/PYST) - Paraguay

UTC - 3.5 hours / UTC - 2.5 hours

Newfoundland Standard Time/ Newfoundland Daylight Saving Time (NST/NDT) - part of Newfoundland & Labrador, Canada

UTC - 3 hours

Argentina Time (ART) - Argentina
Brasilia Time (BRT) - part of Brazil
Falkland Islands Summer Time (FKST) - Falkland Islands (UK)
French Guiana Time (GFT) - French Guiana
Rothera Time (ROTT) - Rothera, Adelaide Island, Antarctica
Suriname Time (SRT) - Suriname

UTC - 3 hours / UTC - 2 hours

Brasilia Time/ Brasilia Summer Time (BRT/BRST) - part of Brazil
Pierre & Miquelon Standard Time/ Pierre & Miquelon Daylight Saving Time (PMST/PMDT) - St.-Pierre & Miquelon Islands (France)
Uruguay Time/ Uruguay Summer Time (UYT/UYST) - Uruguay
Western Greenland Time/ Western Greenland Summer Time (WGT/WGST) - most of Greenland (Denmark)

UTC - 2 hours

Fernando de Noronha Time (FNT) - Fernando de Noronha Archipelago of Pernambuco, Brazil
South Georgia Time (GST) - South Georgia Island & the South Sandwich Islands of the UK

UTC - 1 hour

Cape Verde Time (CVT) - Cape Verde Islands

UTC - 1 hour / UTC

Azores Time/ Azores Summer Time (AZOT/AZOST) - Azores Islands of Portugal
Eastern Greenland Time/ Eastern Greenland Summer Time (EGT/EGST) - part of Greenland (Denmark)

UTC

Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) - Burkina Faso, CÃ´te d'Ivoire, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Iceland, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha Islands (UK), SÃ£o TomÃ© and PrÃncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone & Togo & part of Greenland (Denmark)

UTC / UTC + 1 hour

Greenwich Mean Time/ British Summer Time (GMT/BST) - United Kingdom (including England, Scotland, Northern Ireland, Wales, Isle of Mann, Guernsey & Jersey)
Greenwich Mean Time/ Irish Summer Time (GMT/IEST) - Republic of Ireland
Western European Time/ Western European Summer Time (WET/WEST) - Canary Islands (Spain), Faroe Islands (Denmark), Morocco, Portugal (incl. the Madeira Islands), Western Sahara

UTC + 1 hour

Central European Time (CET) - Algeria & Tunisia
West Africa Time (WAT) - Angola, Benin, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Niger & Nigeria & part of D. R. Congo

UTC + 1 hour / UTC + 2 hours

Central European Time/ Central European Summer Time (CET/CEST) - Albania, Andorra, Austria, Belgium, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Gibraltar (UK), Hungary, Italy, Kosovo, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Malta, Monaco, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway (incl. Svalbard), Poland, San Marino, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland & Vatican City
West Africa Time/ West Africa Summer Time (WAT/WAST) - Namibia

UTC + 2 hours

Central Africa Time (CAT) - Botswana, Burundi, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, Zambia & Zimbabwe & part of D. R. Congo
Eastern European Time (EET) - Egypt & Libya
South Africa Standard Time (SAST) - Lesotho, South Africa & Swaziland

UTC + 2 hours / UTC + 3 hours

Eastern European Time/ Eastern European Summer Time (EET/EEST) - Akrotiri & Dhekelia (UK), Bulgaria, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, Greece, Jordan, Latvia, Lebanon, Lithuania, Moldova, Palestinian Territories, Romania, Syria, Transnistria, Turkey & Ukraine
Israel Standard Time/ Israel Daylight Saving Time (ILST/ILDT) - Israel

UTC + 3 hours

Arabia Standard Time (AST) - Bahrain, Iraq, Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi Arabia & Yemen
East Africa Time (EAT) - Comoros, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Mayotte (France), Somalia, Somaliland, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania & Uganda
Further-Eastern European Time (FET) - Belarus & Kaliningrad, Russia
Syowa Time (SYOT) - Syowa Station, Antarctica

UTC + 3.5 hours / UTC + 4.5 hours

Iran Standard Time/ Iran Daylight Saving Time (IRST/IRDT) - Iran

UTC + 4 hours

Armenia Time (AMT) - Armenia
Georgia Time (GET) - Georgia
Gulf Standard Time (GST) - Oman & United Arab Emirates
Mauritius Time (MUT) - Mauritius
Moscow Time (MSK) - part of Russia
RÃ©union Time (RET) - RÃ©union
Samara Time (SAMT) - part of Russia
Seychelles Time (SCT) - Seychelles
Volograd Time (VOLT) - part of Russia

UTC + 4 hours / UTC + 5 hours

Azerbaijan Time/ Azerbaijan Summer Time (AZT/AZST) - Azerbaijan

UTC + 4.5 hours

Afghanistan Time (AFT) - Afghanistan

UTC + 5 hours

Aqtau/Aqtobe Time (AQTT) - part of Kazakhstan
French Southern & Antarctic Time (TFT) - French Southern & Antarctic Lands
Maldives Time (MVT) - Maldives
Mawson Time (MAWT) - Mawson Station, Antarctica
Oral Time (ORAT) - part of Kazakhstan
Pakistan Time (PKT) - Pakistan
Tajikistan Time (TJT) - Tajikistan
Turkmenistan Time (TMT) - Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan Time (UZT) - Uzbekistan

UTC + 5.5 hours

India Standard Time (INST) - India
Sri Lanka Time (LKT) - Sri Lanka

UTC + 5.75 hours

Nepal Time (NPT) - Nepal

UTC + 6 hours

Alma-Ata Time (ALMT) - part of Kazakhstan
Bangladesh Standard Time (BdST) - Bangladesh
Bhutan Time (BTT) - Bhutan
Indian Chagos Time (IOT) - British Indian Ocean Territory
Kyrgyzstan Time (KGT) - Kyrgyzstan
Qyzylorda Time (QYZT) - part of Kazakhstan
Vostok Time (VOST) - Vostok Station, Antarctica
Yekaterinburg Time (YEKT) - part of Russia

UTC + 6.5 hours

Cocos Islands Time (CCT) - Cocos (Keeling) Islands of Australia
Myanmar Time (MMT) - Myanmar

UTC + 7 hours

Christmas Island Time (CXT) - Christmas Island, Australia
Davis Time (DAVT) - Davis Station, Antarctica
Hovd Time (HOVT) - part of Mongolia
Indochina Time (ICT) - Cambodia, Laos, Thailand & Vietnam
Novosibirsk/Novokuznetsk Time (NOVT) - part of Russia
Omsk Time (OMST) - part of Russia
Western Indonesian Time (WIB) - parts of Indonesia

UTC + 8 hours

Australian Western Standard Time (AWST) - Western Australia, Australia; Casey Station, Antarctica
Brunei Darussalam Time (BNT) - Brunei
Central Indonesian Time (WITA) - parts of Indonesia
China Standard Time (CNST) - China, Macau & Taiwan
Choibalsan Time (CHOT) - part of Mongolia
Hong Kong Time (HKT) - Hong Kong
Krasnoyarsk Time (KRAT) - part of Russia
Malaysia Time (MYT) - Malaysia
Philippine Time (PHT) - The Philippines
Singapore Time (SGT) - Singapore
Ulaanbaatar Time (ULAT) - part of Mongolia

UTC + 8.75 hours

Central Western Standard Time (CWST) - part of WA, Australia

UTC + 9 hours

Eastern Indonesian Time (WIT) - parts of Indonesia
Irkutsk Time (IRKT) - part of Russia
Japan Standard Time (JST) - Japan
Korea Standard Time (KST) - North Korea & South Korea
Palau Time (PWT) - Palau
Timor-Leste Time (TLT) - Timor-Leste

UTC + 9.5 hours

Australian Central Standard Time (ACST) - Northern Territory, Australia

UTC + 9.5 hours / UTC + 10.5 hours

Australian Central Standard Time/ Australian Central Daylight Saving Time (ACST/ACDT) - South Australia, Australia

UTC + 10 hours

Australian Eastern Standard Time (AEST) - Queensland, Australia
Chamorro Standard Time (ChST) - C.N.M.I. (USA) & Guam (USA)
Chuuk Time (CHUT) - part of Micronesia
Dumont-d'Urville Time (DDUT) - Dumont-d'Urville, Ile des Petrels, Antarctica
Papua New Guinea Time (PGT) - Papua New Guinea
Yakutsk Time (YAKT) - part of Russia
Yap Time (YAPT) - part of Micronesia

UTC + 10 hours / UTC + 11 hours

Australian Eastern Standard Time/ Australian Eastern Daylight Saving Time (AEST/AEDT) - parts of Australia

UTC + 10.5 hours / UTC + 11 hours

Lord Howe Standard Time/ Lord Howe Daylight Saving Time (LHST/LHDT) - Lord Howe Island, Australia

UTC + 11 hours

Kosrae Time (KOST) - part of Micronesia
Macquarie Island Time (MIST) - Macquarie Island, Antarctica
New Caledonia Time (NCT) - New Caledonia, France
Pohnpei Time (PONT) - part of Micronesia
Solomon Islands Time (SBT) - Solomon Islands
Vanuatu Time (VUT) - Vanuatu
Vladivostok Time (VLAT) - part of Russia
Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Time (SAKT) - part of Russia

UTC + 11.5 hours

Norfolk Time (NFT) - Norfolk Island, Australia

UTC + 12 hours

Anadyr Time (ANAT) - part of Russia
Gilbert Island Time (GILT) - the Gilbert Islands of Kiribati
Magadan Time (MAGT) - part of Russia
Marshall Islands Time (MHT) - Marshall Islands
Nauru Time (NRT) - Nauru
Petropavlovsk-Kamchatski Time (PETT) - part of Russia
Tuvalu Time (TVT) - Tuvalu
Wallis & Futuna Time (WFT) - Wallis & Futuna, France

UTC + 12 hours / UTC + 13 hours

Fiji Time/ Fiji Summer Time (FJT/FJST) - Fiji
New Zealand Standard Time/ New Zealand Daylight Saving Time (NZST/NZDT) - New Zealand; McMurdo Station, Ross Island, Antarctica

UTC + 12.75 hours / UTC + 13.75 hours

Chatham Islands Standard Time/ Chatham Islands Daylight Saving Time (CHAST/CHADT) - Chatham Islands, New Zealand

UTC + 13 hours

Phoenix Islands Time (PHOT) - the Phoenix Islands of Kiribati
Tokelau Time (TKT) - Tokelau, New Zealand
Tonga Time (TOT) - Tonga

UTC + 13 hours / UTC + 14 hours

Samoa Time/ Samoa Summer Time (WST/WSST) - Samoa

UTC + 14 hours

Line Islands Time (LINT) - the Line Islands of Kiribati

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