Charles Darwin

To explain the species problem, " that mystery of mysteries " which was the natural history problem of the day. From his observations and experiments Darwin proposed his theory of evolution by natural selection, which provided a mechanism for the observed fact of evolution.

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Darwin's theory of evolution laid the foundation for all modern biology. It is the framework underpinning every discovery and all biological understanding.

Evolution is to biology what the periodic table is to chemistry, the big bang is to cosmology, and plate tectonics is to geology. As Dobzhansky once said, "nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution."

The Origin of Species is a book written by the scientist Charles Darwin, explaining natural selection and evolution. It was very contreversial when it was first published because in Europe and America almost everyone believed the biblical creation story, and this contracdicted it

Even though it still isn't by most, mostly by regions, it became accepted by science in 1859

There is not 13 different species of finches, there are one species.

There are variations, but still one species.

There are 250 different breeds of dogs, but still dog species

His observations indicated that the size of the beaks of finches were responding to the ever changing environment. For instance, if the environment favored large nuts, finches born with powerful beaks capable of cracking them open would survive better than those with smaller beaks.

Darwin did not say this. Darwin collected finches from the Galapagos islands, believing them to be other words. It was the famous ornithologist, John Gould, who confirmed that 12 samples were all finches, but with enough minor differences for them to be considered new species.

While it was Gould who called them new species, it confirmed to Darwin some of the ideas he'd had about the stability of species, how one colony of organisms can split up and adapt to a new environment.

He created the theory of "Only the Strong Survive." Social Darwinism.

The term "fittest" is not actually "fittest to survive" but rather "fittest to survive long enough to reproduce". If one animal lives 20 years, but has 15 offspring, and another lives on 5 years, but manages to have 50 offspring, the latter example would be considered fore "fit" by the standards of Darwin's statement.

Geographic isolation of a common ancestral species of finches

He ate most of them, but he wrote down his observations of the species' physical features and traits.

It is generally thought to support the Theory of Evolution.

Anglican Shrewsbury and then Christ's College....

charles darwin

No.

galapagos islands

Survival of da fittest

the origins of species

Species changing over time refers to the process of evolution, where organisms undergo genetic changes across generations, leading to adaptations that enhance their survival and reproduction in their environments. This can occur through mechanisms such as natural selection, mutation, and genetic drift. Over long periods, these changes can result in the emergence of new species, as populations diverge and become reproductively isolated. This dynamic process highlights the interconnectedness of life and the role of environmental pressures in shaping biodiversity.

Variation in the trait within the population and differential reproductive success based on that trait are required for a character or trait to change over time in a population adapting through natural selection. The individuals with traits that confer a reproductive advantage are more likely to survive and pass on their genes to the next generation, leading to an increase in the frequency of those traits in the population over time.

The Beagle

On the voyage, Darwin read Lyell's " Pinciples of Geology" which suggested that the fossils found in rocks were actually evidence of animals that lived many thousands or millions of years ago. He travelled to South America to the islands Galapago, 500 miles from South America where he noticed that each island supported its own form of finch which was closely related but different in important ways.