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Desalinization
Three quarters of the earth is covered with water, but you can’t drink it. Turning salt water into fresh water for drinking and for watering crops is vital for the future of the human race. Questions about desalinization (or desalination) are answered here.
245 Questions
What are the areas of science involved in desalination?
engineeringbiology
earth science
environmental science
chemistry
Why is building a desalination plant costly?
It is due to the amount of energy needed to run a desalination plant, as well as the fines that have to be paid due to the amount of air pollution a desalination plant gives out.
What percentage of water does desalination produce?
Desalination typically produces about 1-2% of the world's total freshwater supply. While its contribution varies by region, it plays a crucial role in water-scarce areas, particularly in the Middle East and parts of Australia and California. Advances in technology and increasing demand may lead to higher percentages in the future.
What is the purpose of building desalination plants near oceans?
To get the pee smell out of pee. You are drinking pee.
Why was desalinization process developed in sw Asia?
Although at least two thirds of our planet is covered with water, less than 2% of it is drinkable. However, salt water can be made drinkable through desalinization and other filtering or processing.
Who are the main stakeholders in the Adelaide desalination plant?
The main stakeholders in the Adelaide desalination plant include the South Australian government, which oversees its operation and funding; the plant's operator, currently SA Water, responsible for its management and maintenance; local residents and communities who are affected by water supply and environmental concerns; and environmental groups advocating for sustainable practices. Additionally, there are contractors and suppliers involved in the plant's construction and ongoing operations, as well as regulatory bodies that ensure compliance with environmental standards.
Why is the water near the doha desalination plant is more salty than the Arabian golf?
Desalination plants take in salt water and output pure water and brine, which is still basically salt water but with a higher concentration of salt. You might expect them to output pure water and pure salt, but for various reasons they actually release the salt back out as brine.
What are the pros and cons of desalinization?
Its costly,
the plant requires lots of energy to operate
critics believe this will result in an increase in greenhouse gas emissions.
- It guarantees that in a drought there is always clean water.
- improves fish habitat.
- Desalination plants are the size of a warehouse and will be situated in an area close to other industrial facilities and away from large residential areas
- Each day the plant can supply up to 500 million litres of water.
How much does it cost per gallon of water for desalination?
it depends on where you are and how you do it.
How does your environment affect desalination?
global warming affects the sea level and that gives us less water to desalinate and it also effects the sea life so that is more harmful especially with desalination
How do you work ejector system of desalination plant?
to create vacuum for decreasing the boiling point. it works the base of converging-diverging procedure.
What is calcium carbonate scale and calcium sulphate scale in desalination plant?
Scale formation represents a major operational problem encountered in thermal desalination plants. Scale may form because of the composition of the make-up, but mostly develops as a result of further change occurring during evaporation. Scale formation is mainly caused by crystallization of alkaline scales, e.g., CaCO3 and Mg(OH)2 and non-alkaline scale, e.g., CaSO4. The formation of CaCO3 scale strongly depends on temperature, pH, and the release rate of CO2 as well as on the concentrations of HCO3-, CO32-, Ca2+, and Mg2+ ions. Scaling in industrial processes is affected by the following factors: (i) bulk variables and composition, i.e. CaCO3 precipitation potential, pH buffering capacity, chloride and sulfate concentrations and concentration of dissolved oxygen, (ii) thermal effect, i.e. heat flux, surface temperature and bulk temperature, (iii) flow field, i.e. velocity of flow and solid/liquid interface conditions and (iv) substrate properties, i.e. materials properties and surface conditions.
In previous works, Al-Rawajfeh et al. [1-3] have modeled the CO2 release rates in multiple-effect distillers (MED)distillers. This model did not account for the deposition of alkaline scale and its effect on CO2 release rates. Calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide were assumed to precipitate at negligible rates. Recently, Al-Rawajfeh [4,5] developed a model to simulate the simultaneous release of CO2 with the deposition of CaCO3 and investigated their mutual release-deposition relationship in MED [4] and in the flash chambers in MSF distillers [5]. The influence of CO2 injection on the carbonate chemistry and the scale formation were also studied [6]. The model begin to calculate the CaCO3-Mg(OH)2 (alkaline) scale in the brine chambers, because part of the scale is deposited there and will be reduced from the total scale precipitate or reduce the ions available to precipitate CaSO4 scale inside the tubes when it is recycled with the make-up. Details on the CO2 release and alkaline scale modeling can be found in previous works [1-6].
REFERENCES
[1] Al-Rawajfeh, A. E., Glade, H., Ulrich, J., CO2 release in multiple-effect distillers Controlled by mass transfer with chemical reaction. Desalination, vol. 156, PP. 109-123, 2003.
[2] Al-Rawajfeh, A. E., Glade, H., Qiblawey, H. M., Ulrich, J., Simulation of CO2 release in multiple-effect distillers. Desalination, vol. 166, PP. 41-52, 2004.
[3] Al-Rawajfeh, A. E., Glade, H., Ulrich, J., Scaling in multiple-effect distillers: the role of CO2 release. Desalination, vol. 182, PP. 209-219, 2005.
[4] Al-Rawajfeh, A.E., Modelling of Alkaline Scale Formation in Falling-Film Horizontal-Tubes Multiple-Effect Distillers. Desalination, vol. 205, PP. 124-139, 2007.
[5] Al-Rawajfeh, A.E., Simultaneous desorption-crystallization of CO2- CaCO3 in multistage flash (MSF) distillers. Chem. Eng. Proc., Proc. Inten., vol. 47, PP. 2262-2269, 2008.
[6] Al-Rawajfeh, A.E., Al-Amaireh, M. N., The influence of CO2 injection on the carbonate chemistry and scaling in multiple-effect distillers. Desalination & Water Treat., vol. 7, PP. 191-197, 2009.
How many desalination plants are in Illinois?
Illinois does not need desalination plants. It has plenty of fresh water from Lake Michigan.
What are the pros and cons of the desalinization process?
- the pros of desalinization include: it makes more water, it pearifies ocean water, and its good for you. the cons of desalinization include: highly expensive, works for a bit, and hard to find.
