Scales and Key Signatures

A key signature is indicated at the very beginning of each line in music. It will have a various number of flats or sharps in it. Indicated with a b or # respectively. They best way to understand what a key signature looks like is to look at one. Go to this link http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:A-major_f-sharp-minor.svg The key signature indicated here is A major with 3 sharps.

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If you have any more questions about this or music theory in general feel free to email me at musictheory1@hotmail.com

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One flat, Bb.

D, e, f#, g, a, b, c#, d.

The music is in Cb Major if the music is in a bright sounding key. The music is in Ab minor if the music is in a dark sounding key.

The key signature can be found at the beginning of a staff right after the clef.

There are a couple shortcuts one can take to determine the key of a peice based on how many sharps or flats there are in a given key signature.

If the key signature is composed of sharps, then one can determine the key based on the position of the last sharp (the rightmost sharp).

Using the solfege scale (Do, Re, Mi, etc... --think "Sound of Music") The Key of the song will be on Do. i.e, if a song is in the key of C, then Do will be on C. Key of G, do will be on G.

In a key signature composed of sharps, the last sharp will be on Ti, which is one note below Do. So, if the last sharp is an F#, then the key will be G. If the last sharp is a C#, then the key will be D. If the last sharp is a G#, then the key will be A. if the last sharp is a D#, then the Key will be E.

If a key signature is composed of flats, one can determine the key based on the position of the second to last flat. One can find this by first finding the last flat (the rightmost flat) and then finding the flat imediately previous. The second to last flat will be the key.

If there are two flats, then the last flat will be Eb, the flat previous to the last will be Bb. The song will be in the key of Bb. If there are three flats. The last flat is Ab, the second to last is Eb, the Key is Eb. Four flats, last flat is Db, second to last is Ab. The key is Ab.

If there is one flat. The song is in the key of F.

If there are no sharps or flats, the song is in the key of C.

This is the easy method to determine a key signature.

One can also use a chart called the Circle of Fifths. One can find this by typing "Circle of Fifths" into an internet search engine.

Starting at the Key of C, every sharp moves the key up a fifth, every flat moves the key down a fifth.

If there is one sharp, the key will be one fifth above C, which is the Key of G. A second sharp will move the key up one fifth from G, which is the Key of D.

If there is one flat, the hey will be one fifth below C, which is the key of F. A second flat will move the key one fifth below F, which is the Key of Bb.

Please Note, these methods are for finding MAJOR keys. Another popular scale is the MINOR scale.

Each key signature will have a major and minor scale. Keys are frequently named by their major scale. i.e., the key of F, refers to an F major scale.

To find a minor key, first find it's correspinding major key.

If there are no flats or sharps, then one knows that the Key is C Major. To find the correspinding minor key of C Major, count three half- steps down from C. Three half-steps down from C is the note A. If there are no sharps or flats, then the Key is either C Major or a minor.

Minor chords and keys are frequently notated with a lowercase letter, while major chords and keys are frequently notated by an Uppercase letter.

If there is one sharp, one knows that the key is G Major. Three half-steps down from G is E. So the key is either G Major or e minor.

One flat is the key of F Major. Three half-steps down from F is D. So the key is either F Major or d minor.

The major scale, and minor scale are the two most popular scales. So a song will usually either be in a major or minor key.

To determine whether the key of a song is major or minor, one must analyze the tonal center of the song. If the song seems to resovle to a minor chord, then it is mostly likely in a minor key.

If the song seems to resolve to a major chord, then the song is most likely in a major key.

In a three-note major chord, the first interval will be a Major 3rd. The second interval will be a minor 3rd.

In a three-note minor chord, the first interval will be a minor 3rd, and the second interval will be a Major 3rd.

The subdominant in any major scale is the fourth note. So, in C major, the subdominant is the F.

E minor contains an F-sharp and no flats.

E F# G A B C D E

Bb

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There are 330 possible 5 note permutations derived from the chromatic scale.

G# minor

B flat major/ g minor

The "white keys" beginning with A will play an A-minor scale: A-B-C-D-E-F-G-A. The intervals between the notes (in terms of semitones) is:

A(2)B(1)C(2)D(2)E(1)F(2)G(2)A

You can use the same intervals to get the minor scale in other keys. For example, C-minor is:

C-D-Eflat-F-G-Aflat-Bflat-C.

NO neither the root is B minor used in the scale of A major! yours sincerily Ima Id Iot

The C major scale is the only diatonic (major) scale without sharps or flats. The notes are simply C, D, E, F, G, A, B and C.

A symbol called a natural. It resets the note to it's normal "white note" name.

*Bar lines can also cancel sharps, naturals or flats. For example say you are in C major and for one measure you have an F sharp and you don't carry into the next measure with a tie, the bar line will automatically reset the F sharp into an F natural so sometimes a natural symbol is not needed*

A natural cancels a sharp or flat.

Minor scales have flats and major scales have sharps.

none.... there is 1 flat

c scale sharp c scale and low c scale?no?yes!

The three sharps in A major are F, C, and G.

b flat, c, d, e flat, f, g, a, b flat

In order by scale degree, the seven modes are Ionian, Dorian, Phrygian, Lydian, Mixolydian, Aeolian, Locrian.

The note "A"