The Akhal-Teke

Used as battle horses long ago, is considered one of the fastest racing breed known.

The Akhal-Teke has influenced the Thoroughbred, Trakehner, Russian Don, Budyonny, Karabair, and the Karabakh. Has the endurance of an Arabian and is built thin and muscled.

The Arabian

The Arabian horse, arguably the most beautiful breed of horse was originally breed for speed and endurance. The Arabian strain, Kuhaylan, and Bedoin, were the original dessert Arab strains. All strains are said to descend from the Kuhaylan.

Most distinguishing characteristic: Masculine - muscular and powerful. The ideal Kuhaylan is a contrast to the ideal Saqlawi. Both are within the standard of Arabian type, but the Kuhalylan is masculine and the Saqlawi feminine. Intimate details are chiseled into skull and facial features. Broadest forehead of all strains with shortest skull. Greatest width between the jowls. Small ears and very large, dark expressive eyes. Neck: Proportionate to overall conformation. Sometimes comes out of chest slightly lower than other strains. General Conformation: Symmetrical and of rounded outlines. Well-balanced, deep chested, wide from front and behind. Compact appearance. Broad across back and hindquarters. Wide forearms and gaskins. Masculine in overall appearance.

The Thoroughbred

The Thoroughbred, Being shaped somewhat like the Akhal-Teke, is bred mostly for speed. Though the Thoroughbred is slim, fast and muscular the horse lacks the endurance of the Akhal-Teke and the Kuhaylan Arabian. This horse is not often used for long distance racing like its latter ancestors. This horse is most popular for racing and very common in America as in England and other countries.

The Anglo-Arab

A Thoroughbred (prefix Anglo) crossed with an Arabian horse. The cross can be made between a Thoroughbred stallion and Arabian mare, or vice-versa. It can also be a cross between a Thoroughbred and an Anglo-Arab, an Arabian and an Anglo-Arab, or between two Anglo-Arabians. No matter what the cross, the Anglo-Arabian must have at least 12.5% percent Arabian blood to be considered an Anglo-Arabian. As a result of the different crosses that can be made to produce an Anglo-Arabian, their size and appearance is variable, though on average a bit taller than the average Arabian and of somewhat less refined type. The largest horses are usually produced by breeding a Thoroughbred mare to an Arabian stallion. The best examples of this breed inherit the refinement, bone and endurance of the Arabian, and the speed and scope of the Thoroughbred.The horses are usually 15.2-16.3 hands high (62 to 69 inches at the withers), and mainly chestnut, bay (sometimes called "brown") or gray. The best of the breed have more of an Arabian-type conformation, though they should not look entirely like either a Thoroughbred or an Arabian. They have a long neck, prominent withers, a short and strong body (more sturdy than the Thoroughbred), and a deep chest. They have fine heads, although not overly dished in profile, and have strong bone. France is one of the greatest producers of Anglo-Arabians. The Anglo-Arabian is used in not only racing but in dressage, jumping, and even trotting.

The Standardbred

Best known for their ability to race in harness at a trot or pace instead of under saddle at a gallop. Developed in North America, the breed is now recognized worldwide for its harness racing ability. They are solid, well-built horses with good dispositions that are also used under saddle for a variety of equestrian activities, particularly in the Midwest and eastern United States. The Standardbred, looking most like the Thoroughbred yet slightly rounder in the girth, is tall and very muscular. The horses endurance is a very key part of its success in racing.

The orlov Trotter

A horse breed with a hereditary fast trot, noted for its outstanding speed and stamina. It is the most famous Russian horse. The breed was developed in Russia in the late 18th century by Count Alexei Orlov at his Khrenovskoy Stud farm near the town of Bobrov (Voronezh guberniya) . The Orlovs emerged as the result of crossing variousEuropean mares (primarily of English, Dutch, Mecklenburg, and Danish breeding) with Arabian stallions.

During the 19th century, Orlov trotters were used mainly for riding and harness racing by Russian nobility. They were valued for their beauty and elegance combined with the ability to work hard. They were also used for the improvement of other Russian horses. Whenharness racing became widespread at the end of the century, the Orlovs faced intense competition from American-developedStandardbreds, who are generally recognized as less refined but faster than Orlov trotters. Eventually Standardbred stallions were crossed with Orlov mares and a new breed, the Russian Trotter, appeared. The possibility of the complete extinction of the Orlovs was a concern in the 20th century because of crossbreeding and the Soviet disregard of horse-raising. However, the breed survived, and today fifteen stud farms in Russia and the Ukraine raise pure-blooded Orlov Trotters.

The French Trotter

The neck is of good proportional length, and is well set to shoulders which are becoming increasingly sloped. The withers are usually quite rounded, the back broad and strong, with extremely muscular quarters. The legs are very well conformed, being strong and muscular with good joints, hard, dense bone and very hard hooves.

They tend to be chestnut or bay in color, but can be any solid color, and stand approximately 16.2 hands high.

The Quarter horse

an American breed of horse that excels at sprinting short distances. Its name came from its ability to outdistance other breeds of horses in races of a quarter mile or less; some individuals have been clocked at speeds up to 55 mph (88.5 km/h). The American Quarter Horse is the most popular breed in the United States today, and the American Quarter Horse Association is the largest breed registry in the world, with more than 4 million American Quarter Horses registered.

The American Quarter Horse is well known both as a race horse and for its performance in rodeos, horse shows and as a working ranchhorse. The compact body of the American Quarter Horse is well-suited to the intricate and speedy maneuvers required in reining, cutting, working cow horse, barrel racing, calf roping, and other western riding events, especially those involving live cattle. The American Quarter Horse is also shown in English disciplines, driving, and many other equestrian activities.

Quarter Horse race horses are bred to sprint short distances ranging from 220 to 870 yards. Thus, they have long legs and are leaner than their stock type counterparts, but are still characterized by muscular hindquarters and powerful legs. Quarter horses race primarily against other Quarter horses, and their sprinting ability has earned them the nickname, "the world's fastest athlete." The show hunter type is slimmer, even more closely resembling a Thoroughbred, usually reflecting a higher percentage of appendix breeding. They are shown in hunter/jumper classes at both breed shows and in open USEF-rated horse show competition.

The modern Quarter Horse has a small, short, refined head with a straight profile, and a strong, well-muscled body, featuring a broad chest and powerful, rounded hindquarters. They usually stand between 14 and 16 hands high, although some Halter-type and English hunter-type horses may grow as tall as 17 hands.[citation needed]

There are two main body types: the stock type and the hunter or racing type. The stock horse type is shorter, more compact, stocky and well muscled, yet agile. The racing and hunter type Quarter Horses are somewhat taller and smoother muscled than the stock type, more closely resembling the Thoroughbred.

The Quarter pony

The Quarter pony is bred to be an American Quarter Horse built on a smaller scale. Breeders focus most on the height and conformation of the breed, and insist that their ponies display Quarter Horse-type characteristics and stand 11.2 and 14.2 hands (46 to 58 inches, 117 to 147 cm) high. Depending on the registry, the Quarter pony may come in any color or combination or colors, including pinto patterns such as tobiano and overo and spotted Appaloosa patterns. In the early years of the breed, only solid colors were allowed. The breed averages 13.2 hands (54 inches, 137 cm) high, however, some breeders are working to breed taller animals between 13.2 and 14 hands(54 to 56 inches, 137 to 142 cm) high. The breed has a short, broad head with small ears and wide-set eyes, set on a slightly arched neck. The shoulders are sloping, the withers sharp, the chest broad and deep. The back is short and the hindquarters broad and deep.[1]

Quarter ponies are often used in western riding activities as mounts for children because of their small size, and calm, even temperament. Larger ponies are more suitable for adult riders and sometimes used for rodeo events such as steer wrestling.[1]

The Quarter pony is recognized by several different breed registries that each have different requirements. The American Quarter Pony Association requires that, although parentage may be unknown, the pony must have conformation that is desirable for breeding and be easily recognizable as having Quarter pony or Quarter Horse breeding. Pinto, Appaloosa and white horses are not eligible for registration, nor are gaited ponies.[2] The National Quarter Pony Association requires that stallions be registered with the AQHA before they can be registered with the NQPA. Mares must have one parent registered with the AQHA, be registered with the AQHA themselves, or go through a special registration process. Geldings simply have to be of Quarter horse type to be eligible for registration. Horses with pinto or Appaloosa markings, or with excessive white, are not eligible for registration.[3] The International Quarter Pony Association allows pinto and Appaloosa markings, and simply requires that ponies be of Quarter-type conformation and good disposition for registry. Any type of pony meeting these requirements may be registered through the hardship registration program, which includes a special inspection. However, if ponies have a parent registered with an approved breed registry (approved breeds include the Quarter pony, Quarter Horse, Paint horse, Appaloosa and Pony of the Americas), they are automatically eligible for registration, with no inspection required.[4] Crosses with gaited breedsare not accepted for registration.

Similar to the American Quarter Horse. It stands up to 14.2 hands (58 inches, 147 cm) high and was developed from American Quarter Horse foundation bloodstock and is used today in a variety of western riding disciplines.

The Quarab

The Quarter horse is known for speed and tractability, and the Arabian for its agility and stamina. Both breeds are highly intelligent. This cross is an attempt to integrate the best traits of both breeds. The United Quarab Registry was developed in 1989 to promote the cross. The Painted Quarab Index was added in 1991 to include the colorful tobiano and overo patterns of the American Paint Horse. Only horses with Quarter Horse, Arabian, and Paint blood are accepted and both parents of eligible horses must be registered with the respective registry for that breed.

The Quarab's body type may resemble more the stock-horse type with muscular forearm and gaskin and well-rounded hip, or the Arabian type with long, well-arched neck, long barrel, and level croup. The head usually shows refinement, large eyes, wide forehead, and slight to extreme dish in the face, depending on the ratio of Arabian to Quarter Horse blood. Height ranges from 14 to 16 hands.

The Quarab is suited to many events, such as roping, reining, dressage, trail riding, jumping, driving, and endurance riding.

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