Partitions - Poland was divided between Russia, Prussia (Germany) and Austro-Hungarian Empire

Historians cite that the three partitions of Poland which occurred before the 19th century, helped maintain the balance of power in eastern Europe. That well may have been the case, but to the detriment of French foreign policies. This was because France had used Poland as an outpost of French influence in eastern Europe.

No-one, since Poland was never colonized per se. There have been three partitions of Poland though, in which Prussia, Russia and Austria (though only in the 1st and 3rd one) took part.

Partitions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.The partitions were conducted by the Russian Empire, the Kingdom of Prussia and Habsburg Austria, which divided up the Commonwealth lands among themselves progressively in the process of territorial seizures.

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