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There is some dispute about how the Sahara Desert could have been formed.

The first view is that a sudden climate change caused the once-fertile region of the Sahara to turn to desert. Computer simulations have indicated that, over a period of just several hundred years following an abrupt climate shift some 4000 years ago, the grasslands of the Sahara gave way to the desert, while summers became longer and hotter. This belief was backed up by the presence (and age) of marine sediments in the region.

The second view retains the concept that climate change caused the difference, but that it occurred much more slowly, over thousands of years rather than just hundreds. Global warming is aactually causing a renewal of green growth in some areas.

Either way, climate change appears to have been the cause.
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