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Well, the most obvious answer is that when you see the image, you're not LOOKING at the atoms, you're looking at a monitor.

The image in STM is a computer-generated representation of the surface based on information collected by the probe. Visible light is not involved at any point before the computer-generated image gets to the monitor, so clearly you're not "seeing" the "actual atoms".

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Q: Explain why with scanning probe microscopy technology you see not actual atoms but rather image of them?
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What are three uses of the Transmission Electron Microscope?

There are two types of electron microscopes: scanning and transmission. They function differently from regular ocular microscopes in that the focusing devices are not glass lenses. The focusing device is a beam of electrons in a vacuum tube focused between two large magnets, with the sample to be observed in the middle. Electron microscopes were built so that a sample could be studied not at the cellular level, but at the molecular level. It is possible to see actual molecules with an electron microscope. Scanning electron microscopes (SEM) examine the surface of the sample. The sample is first frozen in liquid nitrogen, then fractured so it spits in half, is then placed in the vacuum chamber of the scanning microscope and the electron beam scans the inner surface of the sample. The electrons are then digitized, sent to a computer and an image is produced. With transmission electron microscopes (TEM) the beam of electrons penetrates the sample - it is not a surface scan. Again, a biological sample is frozen in liquid nitrogen, then thin sectioned - cut into microscopically thin slices - then placed into the vacuum chamber of the TEM and the beam penetrates the sample to gain imagery of the molecular structure of the sample. The first million-volt electron microscope was developed by Jan LePoole, a Dutch physicist, during WWII in an effort to study metal fracture rates for bombs. He beat the Nazis in a race to build the two story microscope, won the Noble Prize and was knighted by the queen of the Netherlands. The major manufacturers of these microscopes are Philips, Hitachi, and Joel. Visit any of their websites. To learn more about scanning and transmission electron microscopes also visit the website of the Microscopy Society of America (MSA).


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