12,531 is a composite number because it has factors other than 1 and itself. It is not a prime number

The 4 factors of 12,531 are 1, 3, 4177, and 12,531.

The factor pairs of 12,531 are 1 x 12,531 and 3 x 4177.

The proper factors of 12,531 are 1, 3, and 4177 or,

if the definition you are using excludes 1, they are 3 and 4177.

The prime factors of 12,531 are 3 and 4177.

The distinct prime factors of 12,531 are also 3 and 4177, since there is no repetition of factors.

The prime factorization of 12,531 is 3 x 4177.