By estimating and making quarterly estimated tax payments using the 1040ES tax form.
Actually, withholding is basically in your control, through the W-4. You could have 100% of your pay withheld if you wanted...which some people actually do..if they have a lot of income from other sources...or if they file with a spouse that does.
You should. Single people pay more income tax than married people. If you withhold at the single rate, you are withholding far more than you need to, therefore giving you a larger refund.
Both. A new tax credit called the Making Work Pay Credit was enacted. This will reduce the amount of tax you owe at the end of the year based on a percentage of your earned income. To reflect this change, the withholding amounts were reduced. Some people who may turn out not to be eligible to receive the credit may see their withholding drop, too. For example, the withholding tables for pension payments have been revised the same way even though pension income is not earned income.
A pension is an arrangement to provide people with an income when they are no longer earning a regular income from employment.
no because some people don't know what withholding is
It uses withholding because it needs a steady stream of income to pay for its expenditures and also because most people would not save enough money to be able to pay their taxes all in one lump sum after the end of the year.
They can perform the equivalent function by making what are called "estimated tax payments" four times a year. They need to do this in order to avoid penalties for underpayment. Federal estimated tax payments are made with Form 1040-ES which you can look at here: http://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/f1040es.pdf Most states that have an income tax have a similar form for estimated state income tax payments.
No.
Health and human services
low income
low income
It is called tax withholding. Many people simply call it withholding.